Heat Stroke: Recognizing Heat-Related Emergencies During Peak Summer

What Is Heat Stroke?

Heat stroke is the most serious heat-related emergency. It happens when your body overheats and cannot cool down. During peak summer, especially in Andhra Pradesh, temperatures can become dangerously high. Heat stroke requires immediate emergency medical treatment.

Types of Heat-Related Illness

• Heat cramps — muscle spasms due to fluid loss
• Heat exhaustion — heavy sweating, weakness, cold clammy skin
• Heat stroke — body temperature above 104°F (40°C), life-threatening

Symptoms of Heat Stroke

• High body temperature (above 104°F / 40°C)
• Hot, red, dry or damp skin
• Rapid, strong pulse
• Nausea or vomiting
• Confusion, slurred speech
• Loss of consciousness
• Throbbing headache

Who Is at Risk?

• Elderly people and young children
• Outdoor workers — construction, farming
• Athletes training in hot weather
• People with chronic conditions (heart disease, diabetes)
• Those taking certain medications

First Aid for Heat Stroke

While waiting for emergency help:

• Move the person to a cool, shaded area immediately
• Cool them rapidly — apply ice packs to neck, armpits, and groin
• Fan the person and mist with cool water
• Do NOT give water or any fluids by mouth if unconscious
• Call emergency services immediately

Prevention During Peak Summer

• Stay hydrated — drink water every 20–30 minutes
• Avoid outdoor activity between 11 AM and 4 PM
• Wear light, loose, light-coloured clothing
• Use umbrella or hat when outdoors
• Never leave children or elderly in a parked car

When to Seek Emergency Care